13/09/2015
Many people don't realise how strongly oral health is connected to general health. The links are wide and varied including cardiovascular disease, infections, premature births and diabetes.
For today's post we will focus on the link of diabetes and gum disease.
So what is diabetes?
It's the inability of the body to process and store sugar. This is normally done using a hormone called insulin. There are many reasons why the insulin can stop working but this is beyond the scope of this post. What is notable is that some people are born with the insulin problem (diabetes type 1) and some people develop the problem later in life (diabetes type 2).
When sugar is not processed by insulin, a high level of sugar remains in the blood. This causes the sugar molecules to bind to other natural structures in the blood including proteins and fats. The result is a deformed fusion molecule that causes inflammation.
Gum disease is a condition of inflammation of the gums caused by bacteria. The long term inflammation causes breakdown of the bone around the teeth and the overlying gums. When the inflammation causing molecules that are associated with uncontrolled diabetes circulate in the blood and reach the gums they make the gum disease disproportionately worse.
The result is that the bone and gum structure around the teeth break down very quickly leading to sore, sensitive and loose teeth that need to be removed or fall out on their own. At the same time, the breakdown of the bone and gums releases chemicals into the blood that cause the insulin to function even less, making the diabetes condition worse.
Without intervention the cycle feeds itself.
What can you do to break the cycle?
1. if you suspect you may have diabetes, get checked by your doctor. Over weight people are in greater risk. Frequently needing to urinate or being continuously thirsty may be a signs.
2. if you have been diagnosed with diabetes, you must follow your doctor's advice carefully in order to control the disease and not allow you blood sugar level to get out of control.
3. Attend your dentist frequently to have your teeth cleaned and your gum's kept healthy.